Pulmonary parenchymal Castleman tumor with fissural extension- a rare indication for pneumonectomy

Results Patient was taken up for surgery. Thoracotomy revealed a firm well encapsulated 4*4 cm, highly vascular, mass in close relation to hilar structures, crossing the oblique fissure into the lower lobe and with no invasion of hilar structures, or mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The mass was removed en bloc with a pneumonectomy. Histopathology confirmed a hyaline vascular type of Castleman tumor of lung. Discussion/Conclusion Isolated pulmonary parenchymal Castleman disease is extremely rare and reported in less than 10 case reports worldwide. It commonly presents as a central mass and requires en bloc resection along with lobectomy/pneumonectomy. The potential for malignant transformation is justification for surgery albeit most cases are only diagnosed post resection. This is an important differential diagnosis for a well circumscribed, benign, centrally placed tumor of the lung and is a justifiable rare indication for pneumonectomy.